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U
SLUČAJU UGRIZA
ZMIJE:
- NE PANIČARITI! Panika samo
ubrzava rad srca te tako ubrzava širenje otrova po tijelu.
- NE LOVITI zmiju koja vas je
ugrizla! To najčešće završava dodatnim ugrizom.
- Ugrižena osoba mora sjesti/leći,
ne se micati i što manje govoriti te se probati smiriti. Ako za
nekoliko minuta (do 30 min) se ne javi oticanje oko ugriza, ili zmija
nije ispustila otrov (30% ugriza su suhi- nije pušten otrov) ili nije
ugriz otrovnice. Ugrizi nekih neotrovnica znaju isto biti bolni, ali
nikada jako ne oteknu.
- Ugriženo mjesto se ne smije niti
grijati niti hladiti. Grijanje širi žile i ubrzava proticanje
otrova, a hlađenje usporava krvotok i otrov jače lokalno razara jer
se duže zadrži na jednom mjestu.
- Ako se ipak javi oticanje, ugriženo
mjesto treba zavezati zavojem ili maramom (npr. od ugriženog kažiprsta
do ramena), ali ne smije se stegnuti ni prejako (može uzrokovati
gangrenu) ni preslabo (ništa ne pomaže). To je nestručnjaku teško
odrediti, ali čuo sam podatak da bi se trebao moći nesmetano ugurati
prst ispod zavoja, ali ne znam je li taj podatak 100% točan.
- Neki ljudi sa sobom nose zmijski
protuotrov. NIKADA GA NEMOJTE UBRIZGAVATI SAMI JER MOŽE DOĆI
DO ALERGIJSKE REAKCIJE (anafilaktički šok), A ONDA STE MRTVI ZA
NEKOLIKO SEKUNDI UMJESTO ZA NEKOLIKO SATI!!! Nikada se ne zna
kada će netko biti alergičan na protuotrov, a u bolnici su uvijek
spremni za tu mogućnost i mogu ju spriječiti. Ako je osoba ve?
prije bila liječena za zmijski ugriz, to obavezno treba napomenuti
liječniku jer ako prvi put osoba nije bila alergična, drugi put može
biti. Osim toga, 1 vrsta protuotrova ne vrijedi za sve otrovnice.
- Ne treba vas biti strah od
zmijskog ugriza. Oni su vrlo rijetki i zmija se brani ugrizom samo
kada se osjeti jako ugroženom i preplašenom.
Članak:"Zmije otrovnice
Hrvatske", doc. dr. Z. Tadi?(Drvo Znanja br. 36)
Postoji jedna mala vakuumska
pumpica, Aspivenin, koja služi za isisavanje otrova iz rane. Lagana je za
uporabu, bezbolna i koristi se za sve od uboda kukaca do ugriza zmija. Može
se nabaviti u Hospitaliji.
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IN
THE CASE OF SNAKE BITE:
- DO NOT PANIC! Panic just
increases your heart rate and that speeds up the spreading of the
venom accross the body.
- DO NOT CATCH the snake that bit
you! That most often results in aditional bites.
- The person who was bit must
sit/lie down, move & talk as little as possible and try to calm
down. If in a couple of minutes (up to 30 min) the swelling doesn't
appear arround the bite site, either the snake hasn't injected venom
(30% of the bites are "dry bites"- no venom involved) or you
weren't bitten by a venomous snake. Some nonvenomous species' bites
can also be painful but they don't swell up a lot.
- The bite site mustn't be heated
(it increases the spreading of the venom) nor cooled (stronger local
damage)
- If swelling does appear, the bite
site should be tied with a bandage (i.e. from the bitten index finger
to the shoulder), but it mustn't be tied too strong (can cause
gangreen) or too loose (then it doesn't help). To a non-expert it can
be very hard to determine, but I heard that you should be able to put
your finger easily inside the bandage, but I don't know if that is
100% correct.
- Some
people carry with them snake antivenom. NEVER INJECT IT
ON YOUR OWN BECAUSE YOU CAN HAVE AN ALERGIC REACTION (anafilactic
shock), AND THEN YOU'RE DEAD IN A COUPLE OF SECONDS INSTEAD A COUPLE
OF HOURS!!! You can never know if someone is alergic or not
and in the hospital they have the means to counter that problem and
they are ready for it. If a person has already been treated for
snakebite, tell the doctor immediately, because if you haven't been
alergic the first time, the second time you can already be alergic to
the antivenom. Besides, one type of antivenom doesn't work for all
venomous snakes.
- You
don't have to fear snakebites. They are rare and the snake defends
itself by biting only if they feel very threatened and scared.
Article:"Zmije otrovnice
Hrvatske", doc. dr. Z. Tadi?(Drvo Znanja no. 36)
There is a small vacuum pump,
Aspivenin, which is used to suck venom out of the wound. It is easy to
use, painless and is used for everything from insect stings to snake
bites. Can be bought in Hospitalija.
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