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Žuta poljarica
(smičalina)

Dolichophis caspius
(Coluber caspius)

Large Whip Snake

 
 

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GDJE:

 Baranja i Srijem, otoci Lastovo i Mrčara

Opis:
Odrasli su obično do 200 cm (250 cm), mužjaci su veći od ženki. Jedna od većih europskih zmija (druga po veličini) s vrlo definiranom, ali malenom glavom, glatkim ljuskama i izraženim očima s okruglim zjenicama. Tijelo je žuto smeđe, maslinasto smeđe ili crvenkasto odozgo s uzorkom (često blijedih) uskih pruga koje se protežu du?cijelog tijela i prolaze preko rubova svih ljusaka. Nema očitih tamnih mrlja. Trbuh je svjetlo žut, narančast ili narančasto-crven, bez tamnih pjega kod odraslih, čak ni na vratu (ali to jako rijetko). Mladi su sivkasti ili smeđkasti, obično s razmaknutim kratkim prugama na leđima i bez izraženih svijetlih uzoraka na glavi. Tamna crta je obično prisutna na sredini "krune" i trbuh može imati nekoliko tamnih pjega na bokovima.

Description:
Adults are usually up to 200 cm (250 cm), males larger than females. One of Europe's largest snakes (second largest) with a very defined, but rather small, head, smooth scales and prominent eyes with round pupils. Body is yellow-brown, olive-brown or reddish above with a patern of (often pale) narrow stripes that extend all over body and run along each scale. No obvious dark blotches. Belly light yellow, orange or orange-red, without dark spots in adults, even at sides of neck (very rare exceptions). Young are greyish or brownish, usually with well spaced short bars on back and with no bold light markings on head. a dark streak is usually present on midline of crown and the belly may have a few dark spots at sides.

WHERE:

Baranja and Srijem, islands Lastovo, Mrčara

Br. ljusaka:
obično 19 leđnih, 189-204 (m.)/98-221 (?) trbušnih, koje su blago grebenaste, 80-110 (m.)/91-104 (?) podrepnih.
Scale Count:
usually 19 back scales, 189-204 (m.)/98-221 (f.) belly scales (slightly keeled), 80-110 (m.)/91-104 (f.) subcaudal scales.
Stanište:
Aktivna danju, vrlo brza i većinom prizemna vrsta, živi u suhim otvorenim staništima s nešto vegetacije: kamenite padine, nasipi, vinogradi, vrtovi, grmlje, suhozidovi, otvorene šume, stepe s par drveća, čak i polupustinjska staništa.
Habitat:
Diurnal, very fast and mostly terrestrial, lives in dry open habitats with some vegetation: rocky slopes, embankments, dry-stone walls, open woods, vineyards, gardens, wooded steppe, even semi-desert habitats. Often basks on roads- killed by traffic.
Ponašanje:
Način života je sličan crnoj i balkanskoj poljarici. Često se sunča na cestama, pa ih često pregaze auti. Agresivnija vrsta, rijetko bježi, nekad kada joj se prilazi baca se (veće jedinke mogu do 1 m unaprijed), grize kada ju se primi.
Behaviour:
Habits similar ro the Western and Balkan Whip Snakes. An agressive species, rarely runs, sometimes, when approached, throws itself forwards (larger ones up to 1 m forwards), bites when handled.
Prehrana:
Može se popeti 5-7 m u drveću i grmlju u potrazi za hranom. Odrasli se prehranjuju pretežito malim sisavcima i gušterima, ponekad male zmije i ptice. Mladi se hrane gušterima, skakavcima...
Food:
Can climb 5-7 m in trees and bushes in search of prey. Adults feed mainly on small mammals and lizards, sometimes small snakes and birds. Young feed on lizards, grasshoppers...
Razmnožavanje:
Mužjaci za vrijeme parenja prime ženku za vrat. Ženke polažu 5-18 (45mm x 22mm) jaja, bebe su 30 cm duge kad se izlegnu. Spolno sazrije sa 65-70 cm (oko 3 god. starosti).
U prirodi živi 8-10 godina.
Reproduction:
During mating males grasp females by the neck. Females lay 5-18 (45mm x 22mm) eggs, babys are 30 cm in length when they hatch. They mature at 65-70 cm (about 3 years old).
Can live 8-10 years in the wild.
Linkovi:
www.herp.it/
(slike)
www.reptilia.dk (podaci)
Links:
www.herp.it/ (pictures)
www.reptilia.dk (info)